2009年1月4日 星期日

[Health]小中風

[心得]


[出處] 以下文章引用自:
http://www.cw.com.tw/article/index.jsp?id=36535

http://www.cw.com.tw/article/index.jsp?id=34145

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[文章]

小中風的五大症狀?

美國中風協會將小中風和腦中風的症狀分為五大項:

1、手腳或臉部突然發麻或無力,尤其是身體的單側;
2、突然感到困惑,口齒不清,或聽不懂別人的話;
3、單眼或雙眼視力突然模糊;
4、突然舉步困難,覺得昏眩,失去平衡或協調;
5、突然不明原因的頭痛欲裂。




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當心隱形的「小中風」

作者:謝明玲  出處:天下雜誌 392期 2008/03

相關關鍵字:小中風

你曾發生只有短暫幾分鐘或幾小時,半邊手腳或臉突然沒力、麻木後又恢復的狀況嗎?當心「小中風」已悄悄找上你。


一天早上,陳姓台商從上海的家中醒來,卻赫然發現鏡中自己臉不受控制地斜了一邊。

他立刻打電話安排回台灣。上午九點搭上飛機;下午三點兒子在桃園機場接他的時候,臉還是歪的;但等到他見了醫師,距離上機不到十二個小時,臉已經恢復正常。

驚魂未定的他做了影像檢查,發現儘管症狀消除了,腦血管的堵塞還是存在。

暫時性腦缺血發作是身體瀕臨危險的警訊。長庚醫學院神經內科教授陳獻宗表示,曾發生短暫中風症狀的病人,再發生中風的機率比一般人高四到五倍。

「它可能是將發生較嚴重腦中風的先兆,」台北榮總神經血管科主治醫師陳昌明說。

陳昌明解釋,過去把這樣短暫發生的神經障礙稱為「暫時性腦缺血」,但這樣的說法已經被推翻。這類的患者,事實上有很多已經在腦部發生了「永久性」的傷害,雖然範圍可能很小,因而功能很快地被周圍的健康細胞取代,而恢復正常功能運作,但危險還是存在。有的醫師會用「小中風」一詞來提醒民眾。

「小中風就是中風,」台大醫院神經部主治醫師鄭建興也說,「要當作一般急性中風處理。」暫時性腦缺血的典型症狀如下:

半邊的手腳或臉突然沒力、或者麻木、感覺異常。陳獻宗表示,「半邊發作」是腦中風的典型,如果是四肢都無力,則可能還有其他的可能:如肝功能失調、感冒等。

語言溝通功能突然喪失。如話突然講不清楚、大舌頭、失語;或者突然聽不懂別人的話。

失去平衡。例如走路傾向一邊;看起來身體肌肉是有力量的,但動作卻不聽使喚擺向一邊。

單眼視力模糊、眩暈與雙重影像。若是單眼突然看不見東西、或者眩暈伴隨著複視(一個東西看到兩個影子),都有可能是中風的症狀。

暫時性腦缺血症狀的發生到緩解,從幾分鐘到一天都有可能。但鄭建興表示,這些症狀的特徵是:沒有徵兆的突然發生,而且是局部的神經症狀。

他建議,不論發生的時間多短、之後是否緩解,都最好能盡速急診,接受檢查治療,找出危險因子,跟著改變生活形態,降低之後再中風的機率。

陳昌明舉去年發表於英國醫學期刊《刺胳針》(Lancet)的論文表示,在發生暫時性腦缺血後,三個月內再度中風者,儘速就醫者比延遲接受治療者,減少了八成的中風再發率。

非傳統的中風危險因子

除了暫時性腦缺血可能是嚴重中風的先兆,也有醫學研究非典型的危險因子。

過去中風的高危險因子是高血壓、高血脂和高血糖的三高患者、有菸酒習慣、有心臟病、糖尿病的人等。

而二月底發表於紐奧良「國際中風大會」(International Stroke Conference)的報告卻發現,日間的過度嗜睡和中風的機率有關。研究發現,日間嚴重無法控制地陷入昏睡的人,比日間不打瞌睡的人,中風比例要高四.五倍


陳獻宗表示,目前這樣的說法有理論基礎的,僅限於「睡眠呼吸中止症」的病人。這類人睡覺時容易呼吸不順暢,造成血氧濃度降低,發生缺氧。

如果只是白天嗜睡,則是夜間睡眠品質不佳的表徵而已,而非直接因果關係。「嗜睡本身不見得是腦中風的危險因素,」他澄清說。

另外,二○○七年發表於《美國醫學會期刊》的研究則連續追蹤兩萬七千多名四十五歲以上的女性長達十年,發現有預兆性偏頭痛的人(在頭痛前,有一些特別且可恢復的神經症狀,如視覺障礙、肢體無力或口齒不清等),發生中風的風險,是常人的一.九倍。但陳獻宗解釋,這樣的預兆性偏頭痛很少發生,且需要經過嚴格的診斷;如果真的中風,更必須要排除其他因素的影響。他認為,目前不能說偏頭痛就是中風的前兆或危險因子,有偏頭痛的民眾也不用過度緊張。

其他例如久不治癒的牙周病,或者嚴重上呼吸道感染造成血管內壁的破壞,或者遺傳性同半胱胺酸代謝不正常,容易侵蝕血管管壁等,造成中風等說法,也都在研究中。但醫師都表示,這些例子不常見,而且許多還有爭議性,無法判斷為中風的直接危險因子,民眾不需過度恐慌。




MLB_DeRosa Trade Opens Door for Fontenot

[心得]


[出處] 以下文章引用自:

http://www.behindtheplatefantasy.com/2009/01/derosa-trade-opens-door-for-fontenot.html

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[文章]

Fontenot has played two seasons with the Cubs now and has been very impressive when given the opportunity to play. Fontenot was awesome in limited playing time in '08. In only 243 AB Fontenot hit .305 with 42 R, 9 HR, and 40 RBI. He also came up with a lot of big hits in crucial situations for the Cubs.

Fontenot also had some tremendous peripheral stats. He had a very good BB% of 12.3% and a SLG of .514. He also had a BABIP of .355. Fontenot sprays line drives all over the field. His LD% in '08 was a solid 24%.

He may be a little guy but he packs a lot of punch in his bat. He also has some good speed. He only stole two bases last year but if he's given the opportunity to play everyday he should be in double digits. He's also an above average fielder and shouldn't lose playing time because of his defense.

Fontenot is going to be a big time sleeper heading into '09. Mark my words. He will be a solid option late in drafts for a thin MI position. The Cubs also recently signed Aaron Miles but I don't believe that he will be the everyday second baseman. The Cubs will be losing a lot of run production by trading DeRosa and while Fontenot will not be able to make up all of that, he can help much more in that area than Miles. Also, Fontenot has become a favorite of Lou Pinella's and I don't see any way that Miles gets the starting job over him.

Mike Fontenot has been way off the fantasy radar and probably still is. I may be letting the cat out of the bag but pencil him in as a top infield sleeper heading into 2009.


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Guest Comment
One thing I would be wary of with Fontenot, or I guess possibly two things stemming from one issue, is that he almost never hit against lefties. That would probably mean if he starts every day, his overall numbers will suffer a bit from the platoon split being factored in. The more dangerous problem would be if Pinella continues to sit him against lefties and give the switch-hitting Miles those starts. Miles got quite a bit of playing time over the superior Adam Kennedy in St. Louis (Miles had a better offensive year with the help of an unrealistically high BA, but not enough to make up the difference in the field), especially against lefties, and the Cubs liked him enough to give him a 2 year deal, so I wouldn't be surprised if he got a lot of those starts against lefties.

There is no reason Miles should be taking any starts from Fontenot on a regular basis, but he has gotten way too much playing time before, the Cubs just paid way too much to get him, and Pinella has always been reluctant to play Fontenot against lefties (granted, he had better options than Miles to use instead). It's at least enough to set off some caution flags to me.

Kincaid - Do you mean Fontenot almost never PLAYED against lefties? Because that would be true. But in a limited number of at bats (22) he did have nearly a .900 ops against lefties.

I've seen enough of him to think he could
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easily hold his own as an every day player. The fact they went out and got Miles makes me believe Miles will get a lot of playing time. More then he deserves. The Cubs ALWAYS find a way to stunt a players development and that is exactly what they are doing with Fontenot. They say they want to get more left handed, yet they don't give guys like him a fair chance. Just watch, they'll do it again.


Both of you guys make great points. The thing is Fontenot is the superior player. It won't take long for Pinella to realize this. Miles will get some PT but Fontenot will get the bulk of the starts. It doesn't matter to Pinella how much Jim Hendry paid a player. If he has a better option he's going to go with it. i.e. Fukudome.

Personal_虛擬紐約

[心得]
在這裡生活了兩年半
有空連過去瞧瞧 回味回味 :P

[出處] 以下文章引用自:
http://chinese.engadget.com/2009/01/03/virtual-new-york/
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[文章]


一段時間沒用 Google Earth,沒想到曼哈頓已經變成這副德性了 @@。除了極少數建築(據目測應該少於 5%)還是以前的白方塊之外,其他絕大部份建築都已經變成真實的 3D 模型了。不能去 NY 跨年,看看這個過過乾癮也不錯啦 XD

MiLB_Dayan Viciendo

[心得]


[出處] 以下文章引用自:
http://rotoprofessor.com/baseball/?p=1374
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[文章]

Prospect Quickie: Dayan Viciendo

It would seem unlikely that a 19-year old Cuban defector could push Josh Fields and Wilson Betemit to the bench, claiming the 3B job for himself, but with the Chicago White Sox never say never. They tend to be a little unconventional, and after signing Dayan Viciedo to a 4-year, $11 million contract (including a $4 million signing bonus), anything is really possible.

They were in a similar situation with Alexei Ramirez at this time last season, though he was significantly older when he joined the club (27-years old). It took Ramirez a little bit of time to settle in, as well as find a position, but at this point we all know how he emerged down the stretch and became one of the Top 10 2B for fantasy owners.

Is a similar fate in store for Viciedo? Given his age, I could see the White Sox being a bit more cautious with him. Still, he projects to hit for a lot of power, succeeding at such a young age in the Cuban League. At 16-years old he hit 14 HR and hit a total of 32 HR over 233 games the past three seasons. I know that doesn’t seem like much, but keep in mind that he’s playing against players significantly older then he, including those who play for the countries national team.

He’s currently listed at 6′0″, 225 lbs. by mlb.com, but I’m not really sure how accurate that number is. CBS has him slotted at 6′1″, 210 lbs., which matches ESPN’s listing. Either way, we can project him out as a potentially 30+ HR power source within the next few seasons.

Is he going to reach that potential this season? No chance, as he’s likely to start the season at Triple A, especially given the other two players the team has to fill the spot in the short-term. It wouldn’t surprise me to see him get a chance at some point, probably around the All-Star Break. While he’s not going to live up to his full potential quite yet, that doesn’t mean we should avoid him.

If you are in a long-term keeper league, stash him away immediately. Otherwise, just keep an eye on him and see how things play out in Chicago. When he gets his chance to play, he should be a useful short-term fill-in, at worst.